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Daily maintenance of lead-acid batteries for traction applications
Release time:
2021-06-09
1. Daily Inspection 1. Liquid Level: Conduct a full inspection of the liquid level once a week (add distilled water or deionized water approximately every three days in high-temperature environments). If the electrolyte level is too low, it will lead to damage to the battery plates, separators, and shorten the battery life. Observation method for the liquid level: First, lift the filling cap; if the liquid level is below the lowest platform inside the filling cap, it indicates that the liquid level is too low and should be replenished in a timely manner; if it is parallel to or slightly above the highest platform inside the filling cap, it is in the appropriate position. 2. Terminals, Wires, and Covers: Regularly check the battery terminal connections and the connections with the wires for corrosion caused by oxidation, and also check if the cover is deformed.
1. Daily Inspection
1. Liquid Level: Conduct a full inspection of the liquid level once a week (add distilled water or deionized water every three days in high-temperature environments). If the electrolyte level is too low, it will lead to damage to the battery plates, separators, and shorten the battery life. Observation method for the liquid level: First, lift the filling cap; if it is below the bottom platform inside the filling cap, it indicates that the liquid level is too low and should be replenished in time; if it is parallel to or slightly above the top platform inside the filling cap, it is at an appropriate position.
2. Terminals, Wires, and Covers: Regularly check the battery terminals for corrosion caused by oxidation at the junctions and connections with wires, and also check if the cover is deformed or has any heating phenomenon.
3. Appearance: A dirty battery surface can cause leakage; the battery surface should be kept clean and dry.
2. Maintenance
1. Water Replenishment: Add distilled water or deionized water according to the specified liquid level; do not add too much distilled water to extend the interval for adding water, as excessive water will lead to a decrease in specific gravity, overflow of electrolyte, which can corrode the casing and cables, affecting battery life or causing leakage.
2. Charging: During the charging process, the battery will produce gas, so the charging area should be well-ventilated and free of open flames. The oxygen and acidic gases produced during charging will affect the surroundings. Disconnecting the charging plug during charging will produce an arc; the charger should be turned off before unplugging. After charging, a lot of hydrogen will remain around the battery, and no open flames are allowed; the cover on the battery should be lifted for charging.
3. Equalization Charging: The battery pack should undergo equalization charging once a month (i.e., charging with a small current for a long time) to maintain battery capacity and extend battery life. The method for equalization charging: first, charge the battery normally, and when charging is complete, press the equalization charging gear and continue charging for 24-36 hours. During equalization charging, the voltage, density, and temperature of each battery should be measured and recorded; before completing the charging, the density of the electrolyte and the height of the liquid level should be adjusted to meet the specifications in the user manual.
4. Maintenance of Terminals, Wires (Connection Plates), and Covers: Must be performed by professional technicians designated by the Manufacturer.
5. Cleaning: The battery surface should be kept clean; if there are contaminants on the surface, it can cause a short circuit and also lead to corrosion of the terminals and connection strips. When cleaning, please use a damp cloth; otherwise, static electricity may occur. If there are no leakage holes at the bottom of the box, avoid washing with water to prevent excessive water accumulation that can corrode the casing; if there are leakage holes at the bottom of the box, it can be rinsed slowly with water in an open area.
3. Storage
1. Storage Location: It should not be short-circuited; short-circuiting due to rain can cause fire and may produce a small amount of hydrogen, so batteries must be stored in a well-ventilated, cool place.
2. Old Batteries: Old batteries still hold electrical energy and should be stored according to the storage methods for used batteries.
4. Operation of Electrolyte
1. Check Specific Gravity: Use a suction-type hydrometer to check the specific gravity; do not let the electrolyte splash out during operation, and wear protective gear properly.
2. Operations Other Than Checking: Consult professionals, especially when adding electrolyte.
3. Electrolyte Leakage: If electrolyte leaks due to battery tipping or damage, immediate emergency handling is required. 5. Operation of End-of-Life Batteries
1. Operation of End-of-Life Batteries: When the battery approaches the end of its life, the electrolyte in each cell decreases very quickly, and distilled water should be added daily.
2. Disposal of Old Batteries: For old batteries, extract the electrolyte and disassemble the battery. It can be discussed whether the battery Manufacturer will recycle it.
6. Other Precautions
1. The battery pack has high voltage and poses a risk of electric shock; please wear insulated gloves during maintenance.
2. The battery temperature must not exceed 60°C during use.
3. No maintenance tools or other metal objects should be placed on the battery surface.
4. When the capacity drops below 80% of the initial capacity, a new battery should be replaced based on the results of regular inspections.
5. If electrolyte splashes onto skin or eyes: rinse with plenty of water and then seek professional medical treatment.
6. If electrolyte splashes onto clothing: immediately remove the clothing, rinse with water, and then wash with a weak alkaline soap solution.
7. Electrolyte Leakage: When electrolyte leaks externally, immediately neutralize it with lime, strong sodium bicarbonate, or sodium carbonate, and rinse with plenty of water.
Zhenjiang Taiji Electric Vehicle Power Co., Ltd. Technical Department
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